We know the Romans had detailed histories of Egypt, Babylonia, and perhaps India; but the actual works have been lost or survive only in fragments, so it's hard to say how accurate they were overall.

Some of the more prominent classical writers on ancient history were Ctesias, a Greek physician at the Persian court who wrote histories of Assyria, Persia, and India based on Persian sources; Berossus, a Babylonian astronomer at the Seleucid court who wrote a history of Babylonia; Philo of Byblos, who wrote a history of Phoenicia; and Alexander Polyhistor, a Greek scholar captured by the Romans who wrote histories of all of the above, as well as of the Jews and Chaldeans.

Another relevant work is the Canon of Kings—a chronological list of rulers that was begun by the Babylonians in 747 BC, and transmitted and updated by the Persians, Macedonians, Ptolemaic Egyptians, and Romans until 160 AD.