The Phoenicians are generally regarded as a direct continuation of the Canaanite people of the region, after the Egyptian withdrawal around the closing of the Bronze Age, with the Bronze Age collapse. Similar to the Canaanites, they are a multi-ethnic group of people, most likely coming from all around and including ethic bits from large amounts of people in the area due to the contested nature of Canaan and the Levant during the Late Bronze Age.

The Reason they are generally regarded as a direct continuation of the Canaanite peoples is because in many Canaanite cities, archaeologically speaking, you do not have a destruction layer at the end of the Bronze Age like you do in much of Anatolia (the now gone Hittite Empire) or in the Northern Levant or Greece. The material culture evidence (pottery, especially) is almost a direct copy of Canaanite pottery that came beforehand. The name Phoenician is more of just a renaming- they are culturally, ethnically, religiously, and materially Canaanite, only they are living in the Iron 1 period, as opposed to the Late Bronze Age.

If you have any more questions I'd be happy to try and help! I would highly recommend my source book.

Source: Ann E. Killebrew; Biblical People's and Ethnicity: An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, Philistines, and Early Israel 1300-1100 BCE.