Ignoring the time period is a bit off, this is a very complicated question, one to which we aren't quite sure on. It might be better to ask "Why did the industrial revolution happen at all?". It appears that it could only occur, or at least was only likely to occur, with a large number of conditions that didn't come about till the late 17 to mid 18 hundreds.

Some conditions that have been deemed important are:

1. large population
2. preexisting industrial system
3. access to power sources like coal or running rivers near centers of population
4. a cultural and political system in which innovation is rewarded, a patent system, Protestantism (supposedly), etcetera
5. the colonialism is believed to have helped (questionable)
6. attempts to find goods to export to china (questionable)
7. time keeping (newish and controversial)
8. a system of belief that included a knowable world, and that knowledge was worth attaining.

there are others, but the whole thing is a wholly mess that probably won't be finished untill after we're all dead