I know hemp was cultivated by the Phoenicians, and I've heard references to ancient peoples using marijuana. Is that true? If so, how was it ingested? The reaction of European explorers to tobacco smoking makes me think that if marijuana was ever smoked the method died out before Columbus. Any information would be great, sources for further reading would be even better!
If you're using the term "Old World" to apply to the Indus River Valley, then I'd look into the Hindu soma rituals. The prophet Zoroaster was performing a "hamoa" (probably soma) ritual when he had his revelation. This ritual almost undoubtedly used marijuana. Check it out
This article posits cannabis use in ancient Judaism.
You may be interested in our FAQ section on Drugs and drug culture in the past.