In 1946 in Italy there was a referendum to keep the monarchy or ditch it.

The monarchy was already pretty discredited for letting Mussolini got to power in 1922, doing nothing where he entered WW2 and badly losing, and mishandling the removal of Mussolini and the armistice in 1943.

But as an institution it was still deeply respected in large parts of Italy, and the new king Umberto II, did promise to be a break with past.

The referendum was hotly contested, but in the end the votes for the republic won, 12,718,641 to 10,718,502. By the way, the division was mostly geographic, in the southern regions the monarchy got more votes than the republic, but the northern regions were more populous.

King Umberto II left Italy some days after the referendum, while still claiming that there were irregularities in the results, but releasing all the military and the public employees from the oath of fealty to the monarchy.

He lived in exile in Portugal until his death in 1983.

After the referendum there has been almost no serious proposal to go back to a Monarchy in Italy. There was a tiny Monarchist Party that got some member of parliament up until the seventies. Today there is an Alleanza Monarchica, with no representation in parliament.