I'm doing a work about the Middle ages and the concept of Medieval fantasy (in videogames) and using some exemples like Legend of Zelda Ocarina of time. but the question is: can someone recommend me books or texts that address the subject of the back of the appreciation of the medieval period ? as most know , the middle age was characterized as the Dark Ages , one backwardness in science and etc. but some time later it seems to have returned to the surface and fall into the popular taste, in movies, games, and others . this return is due to the Annales ? when it reappeared ? what books discuss this topic?
I think it predates the Annales school of thought, especially since works such as Henry Augustin Beers' A History of English Romanticism in the Eighteenth Century (1899) discusses the romanticism for the period already.
The thing with the Middle Ages is that it's dark and dirty or mystical and beautiful depending on what the person a) wants to see and b) wants to convey. An exaggerated hypermedievalism if you will, that molds the period into the Middle Ages that we want to see/use. No better example of this lies in the images of Knights and courtly manners on the "pretty side" and the use of "medieval" as a byword for barbarism in the present day on the other. "I'ma get medieval on your ass." line from Pulp Fiction comes to mind.
As for the Middle Ages in media, the popularity of it cannot be discussed with mentioning Tolkien. You'd want to perhaps read Umberto Eco's Travels in Hyper Reality, Clare Simmons' Medievalism and the Quest for the "Real" Middle Ages and look through some issues of the Studies in Medievalism journal.
I did my dissertation on the depiction of the Middle Ages in film, and while the following books are cinema heavy, they do discuss the popularity of the period, you'd probably would want to thumb through at least the intros of them:
The medieval period has been popular for a long, long time, not just the past few decades. Let's work backwards. Both J.R.R. Tolkein (1892-1973) and C.S. Lewis (1898-1963) were professional medievalists prior to and during their popular writing careers, both holding faculty positions at Oxford. There were 8 Joan of Arc movies made before 1930, according to IMDB, and 7 of Robin Hood. Operas have had medieval themes, such as the Crusades, since the genre developed. There were government sponsored projects to preserve, restore, and analyze medieval documents such as the Rolls Series and the MGH. Books such as David Hume's The History of England and Sir Walter Scott's Ivanhoe were bestsellers for decades. Broader cultural movements such as Romanticism, the Gothic revival, and nationalism were all heavily influenced by medieval ideas and heritage. This says nothing about the public perception of the medieval period, but medievalisms have been popular practically since the medieval period ended.
Here are some books that might help, don't forget to read the footnotes
Thinking medieval : an introduction to the study of the Middle Ages by Marcus Graham Bull (Palgrave, 2005)
Medievalisms in the postcolonial world : the idea of "the Middle Ages" outside Europe by Kathleen Davis; Nadia Altschul (Johns Hopkins, 2009)
Appropriating the Middle Ages : scholarship, politics, fraud by T A Shippey; Martin Arnold (DS Brewer, 2003)
Medievalisms : making the past in the present by Tison Pugh; Angela Jane Weisl (Routledge, 2013)
The Disney Middle Ages : a fairy-tale and fantasy past by Tison Pugh; Susan Lynn Aronstein (Palgrave, 2012)
International medievalism and popular culture by Louise D'Arcens; Andrew Lynch (Cambria, 2014)
The medieval motion picture : the politics of adaptation by Andrew James Johnston; Margitta Rouse; Philipp Hinz (Palgrave, 2014)
Completely unrelated, but unless English is not your native tongue, please correct the format and structure of your questions in the future. As they are, the questions in your post come across as vague, scattered, and largely incoherent. Along with your grammatical and spelling errors, I was only able to figure out a general sense of what you were asking.
Hope this helps a little. Happy reading!
You'll want to read Norman Cantor's Inventing the Middle Ages. Here's the summary from the publisher:
Norman Cantor explains how our current notion of the Middle Ages-with its vivid images of wars, tournaments, plagues, saints and kings, knights and ladies-was born in the twentieth century. The medieval world was not simply excavated through systematic research. It had to be conceptually created: It had to be invented, and this is the story of that invention.
Cantor was a good medievalist - incredibly well read. Although one can quibble with it, and I don;t always agree with Cantor, it's a very accessible book about exactly what you are researching.
People during the Renaissance (1500s or so) thought that they were reviving classical culture, and they started calling the intervening period the "Middle Ages" or the "Dark Ages." There's a recent discussion on this here, and I'd especially recommend this short comment. But by the 1800s, some people started thinking that studying the Middle Ages might have some value after all. There's lots of different reasons for this. I'll consider just a few below:
The Catholic Revival (1830s-60s). The Catholic Church was suppressed in England during the 1500s-1600s and in France during the French Revolution (1789-1815, including Napoleon). Catholics in Western Europe started looking to the medieval past as a way to rebuild their Church. Victor Hugo's Hunchback of Notre Dame (Fr. Notre-Dame de Paris, 1831) played a key role in transforming despair over the vandalism of medieval monuments into an active call for restoration. The masterwork of these efforts was the massive reconstruction of the Cathedral of Notre Dame, begun in 1845. (The famous gargoyles of Notre Dame were all carved during this period.) There was also a Benedictine revival that began at the same time, centered on the monastery of Solesmes. The monks there spent long hours pouring over medieval manuscripts about how Benedictines should pray and live their lives, and in the process, they reinvented Gregorian chant.
Nationalism (1840s-present). Most modern European states trace their heritage back to early medieval peoples who stepped onto the scene during the fall of Rome and the early middle ages. This includes the European Union: Charlemagne functions as one of its symbols of a united Europe for the EU and other organizations. Present-day connections to the medieval past are still so commonly assumed that they might not even strike us as strange. But how "Anglo-Saxon" are the modern British, who speak a language that is two-thirds French and are almost never seen carrying around spears? Or how "French" were the Franks, who were known for the long hair of their absolutist monarchs and the cunning brutality of their women? (Okay, perhaps some might not consider that the best example ...) At any rate, as nation-states became the norm in the 1800s, there was a lot of interest in reconstructing the supposed early-medieval roots of these peoples. More recently, scholars have shown how this interest was politically entangled and remains politically charged. Perhaps the best introduction to this very problematic revival of the early medieval communities is Patrick Geary's Myth of Nations (2003).
The Arts and Crafts Movement (1860s-1910s). Nationalism and religious revivalism both tended to percolate down to the broadest levels of society possible. As industrialization boomed and the middle class took center stage, there was a new class of people with the wealth to purchase mass commodities and the free time to pursue hobbies in the home. Many of the things these people collected or made drew upon the medieval past of the national ancestors or their religious forebears. The sometime medievalist William Morris (1834-96) championed this movement. Many of the buildings, books, and wallpapers that came out of this period were influenced by what nationalists thought their medieval past looked like. There was also a popular revival of medieval music, as people began making sackbuts and hurdy gurdies and anything else they could imagine at home. This popular revival continues to produce some really amazing music.
So although many people still draw on the Renaissance misconceptions of the "Dark Ages" as a time without history, a popular revival of the middle ages -- technically known as medievalism -- actually predates JRR Tolkien by about a century. I know of no definitive work on the subject, but the links above should point you in some interesting directions. I'd also recommend the volume below (although it's specifically U.S.). It's a collection of papers, so it hits on a broad variety of topics. And since each of the chapters is self-contained, you can pick and choose what you read. I didn't find the table of contents online, so I'll include them with page numbers, in case you want to request individual articles through your library.
Bernard Rosenthal and Paul E. Szarmarch, eds., Medievalism in American Culture (1989).