How is Islam's turn to Quranic literalism, extremism, jihadism etc. rooted in historic events? Especially the fall of the Ottoman Empire and other events in the 19th and 20th centuries.

by Vincenti

Did these events or others reflect a "failure" of contemporary Islam and spur a re-thinking of the proper way to practice it? Also related, what are the philosophical and political roots of Salafism and Wahhabism?

Recommended reading related to this topic is greatly appreciated! (If you bring up Reza Aslan I'll be very disappointed)

sln26

Can you point to an example of Islam's turn to Qur'anic literalism? I'm genuinely curious what you mean.

Subotan

The Henry Jackson Society have published a comprehensive report on Jihadist Salafists' bogus claims to having a monopoly on theological authority.