Afaik there were thermopolias and cauponas where you could get some food and drink.

A thermopolium was a restaurant/snack bar with some tables and a street counter for to-go orders. Often they also had brothels on the upper floor.

The caupona was a smaller establishment more wine inclined, so closer to a modern bar.

In cities like Pompeii, Herculaneum and Ancient Ostia plenty of these establishments were found.

Google Caupona di Fortunato or Thermopolium di Ostia to see some examples.

I suppose Claudius is just commenting on the lack of quality wine.