I've read that nomad warriors raided Mesopotamian lands on horseback while the Mesopotamians themselves still used chariots. Why did they use chariots so exclusively for so long?
hi! I collected these links on the use/decline of chariots in warfare for another post the other day; they may be of interest to you. The tl;dr is that the horses at that place/time were too small - do take a look at some of the images in the posts.
use in warfare
decline
same question but for the British.
A lot of it is to do with breeding. Horses were not strong enough to carry a man in battle, and were only able to pull chariots. Over time horses became stronger through selected breeding, and by the first millennium BC they could be used as actual cavalry. From then chariots gradually fade out of warfare, being more expensive and not as effective as simple cavalry.