Did all cultures value the same things monetarily (e.g. gold and diamonds), and independently of each other's influence?

by harryISbored
ldvhl

No. Their value (at least back in the day), was not intrinsic and instead a market fabrication by those pushing those products in some societies.

OldWorldGlory

You might be interested in some threads from the FAQ section on "Why was gold always considered so valuable?":