Sweden and the Ottoman Empire had friendly relations throughout the existance of both countries as Grand Powers (which for Sweden did not happen until 100 years later, in 1631) as they had common enemies - the Habsburg Holy Roman Empire, Poland-Lithuania and Muscowy/Russia.

Vienna was an important city in central Europe at the time, but in no way the only thing that stood between the Ottomans and the rest of Europe. Holy Roman Emperor Charles V also controlled Bohemia with its rich and strongly fortified capital of Prague, Silesia (with rich iron mines), the Duchy of Milan, Croatia, Slovenia, parts of Hungary, Spain and its Colonial Empire, Naples (all of southern Italy) and Sicily as well as the Netherlands and eastern Burgundy.

The loss of Vienna and Austria would have been a blow to Charles V, but he would still hold enough territory and income to launch a counterattack and perhaps retake the city. The Ottoman ability to advance further North after Vienna was severely limited, and none of the Powers you list were worried about Ottoman attacks - some of them rather the other way around!

In Sweden, Gustav I (Gustav Eriksson Wasa) was trying to reform the economy and pay off his huge debts to the Hansaetic Legue (primarily Lübeck) for weapons and ships lent to him during his uprising against King Kristian II of Denmark. The Lords of Västergötland rose in April 1529, and the King spent most of the year outmanouvering the revolters from their peasant supporters and each other. Sweden did not have an army nor a navy to be involved in any kind of continental affairs at this time. Indeed, King Gustav I was deeply worries about a renewed Danish invasion and was fortunate that Denmark was embroiled in a civil war over the throne at the time.

Francis I of France had been a contender for the position of Holy Roman Emperor in 1519, and the joining of Spain and Austria (and the Holy Roman Empire), the latter which held substantial holdings in the Netherlands, some along the Rhine and in eastern Burgundy meant that France was surrounded by Habsburg lands. The French maintained good relations with the Ottomans, and it is said that Ottoman diplomatic pressure held a part in the release of Francis I 1526 after Habsburg forces had captured him in the Battle of Pavia 1525. The French saw the Ottomans as an important ally against the powerful Habsburg Empire and maintained friendly relations. While the French fought multiple wars against he Habsburgs, against the Swiss Confederacy and against the Papacy at this time and maintained a strong army, they were not arming to resist any kind of invasion from the Ottomans.

England at the time was embroiled in the annulment of Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon and while Henry VIII had ambitions in France, his relations with Emperor Charles V soured after the Emperor supported the Pope's decision to not allow Henry VIII to anull his marriage. England was a regional Power at this time, holding only the area around Dublin in Ireland with Scotland as an independent (and quite hostile) neighbour and no holdings in France spare for Calais and no colonies to speak of.

Other nations that might be interesting for the scenario you paint is Poland-Lithuania and Muscowy.

Poland-Lithuania had just been victorious against the Teutonic Order (in East Prussia, Estonia, Livonia and Courland) and were busy absordbing the Duchy of Mazovia after inheriting it. Sigismund I of Poland and Lithuania also fought a Moldavian invasion in 1531 and a Muscovite one in 1535 and were thus busy on their own frontiers.

Muscovy, as said fought Poland-Lithuania and the Crimean Khanate (the Tatar successor state of the Golden Horde). In 1519, Khan Mehmed I Giray had to be paid tribute to not lay siege ot Moscow.

Most states in Europe considered the Ottomans either a local problem, or a useful tool against their enemies. the Habsburg Empire was the primary power in Europe at the time, and many saw the Ottomans attacking them as a welcome distraction for the Emperor.