How did Switzerland supply itself with food and necessary materials during WWII after being completely surrounded by Nazi-occupied territory?

by Turner117

As a neutral country, did they retain any trading relationship with Germany (I'm assuming not) or did they simply just grow all of their own food during this period? I've read previous threads about rationing, but still haven't come across any idea on where they got their supplies or how they were able to survive 6 years of isolation. Thanks!

k1nd3rwag3n

As you already mentioned they started to ration everything! Even heatingmaterial was rationed. While firewood went completly to the industry coal was drasticly rationed and a lot of people used fir cones and scrap wood.

Regarding to food you can look up a guy called Friedrich Traugott Wahlen, he was specialized in agriculture and developed a program called "the Wahlen Plan"(I dont know how to translate that properly to be honest. It basicly means that it was a plan/program called by his name). The program had three main points:

  1. to increase own production of food
  2. the reduction of cattle-breeding
  3. to increase agriculture

The plan was to increase the own production crop area from 180,000 hectare to 500,000 hectare, while using nearly all available space Switzerland could offer. They used parks, athletic grounds, fallow land and started to use areas in much higher regions. Between 1940 and 1945 they managed to increase the planted areas from 180,000 hectare to 352,000 hectare.

The self-supply rate between 1940 and 1945 increased from 52% to 70%. The production of bread was doubled, the potato production tripled and the veggetable production quadrupled.

Switzerland was the only country in Europe (except Sweden, thanks /u/vonadler) which didnt have to ration fruits and veggetables.

1945 they obviously stopped the program and the 500,000 hectare goal was never reached but the aim of 300,000 hectare in 1945 was exceeded by about 60,000 hectare.

If you keep in mind that Switzerland imported more than half of their food before the second world war started, you will be even more impressed!

Edit: " too much

Edit2: "rationalize" and "ration" is not the same, thanks guys.

Edit3: "quadruplicated" to "quadrupled" and "duplicated" to "doubled"... We are getting there!

Edit4: " Plan Wahlen" to "the Wahlen Plan", thanks again guys :P

Edit5: "fire cones" to "fir cones" and "stonecoal" to "coal", thanks...

Edit6: "potatoproduction" and "vegetableproduction" are "potato production" and "vegetable production"...

ImEatingASandwich

Not an answer but why are you assuming they wouldn't trade with Germany because of their neutrality? Wouldn't neutrality mean they trade with the axis or the allies without preference?