You might be interested in some threads from the FAQ section on "Were/are there actually tombs filled with deathtraps":

General Answers

• Is there any history basis for the traps in tombs you see in Indiana Jones, Tomb Raider, etc.? - 35 comments, over 1 year old.

• This post goes into some detail on Egyptian examples (with some sources), gives a few reference to China (Qin Shi Huang) and Oak Island amongst others, and also talks about the origin of the popular boulder trap concept.

• How historically accurate are the traps, levers, mechanisms, and other archaeological aspects of ruins featured in movies? - 2 comments, over 1 year old.

• This thread brings up examples in Spain, Italy, China (Qin Shi Huang) and also has an archaeologist relate some personal experience on the matter.

• Did ancient temples and tombs and such ever have booby traps like indiana jones? And if so which. - 41 comments, over 2 years old.

• This thread goes into detail on a variety of traps and unsafe conditions inside the tomb of Qin Shi Huang in China as well as some of the traps created by the Spanish in the New World.

• Is there any historical precedent for a pre-modern culture constructing elaborate mechanical traps (as seen in many films such as "Goonies" or in various "Indiana Jones" films) that are disarmable by an artifact or by a sequence of actions? Where does this common film trope come from? - 188 comments, over 1 year old.

• The topmost comment thread delves into various Egyptian examples while the rest of the top level comments list out Chinese, European, and some New World examples.

Specific Examples

• Were the tombs of South American civilizations the booby-trapped nightmare we see in entertainment? - 8 comments, over 10 months old.

• A commenter gives a summary using a variety of pictures and some book sources.

• Were Egyptian pyramids really rigged with traps? - 8 comments, over 11 months old.

• A commenter summarizes how Egyptian beliefs regarding the afterlife effected their funeral practices and motivated them to install traps in the pyramids.

• Is there any historical record of an actual dungeon with actual traps and dangers deliberately installed or left behind, which was subsequently explored by armed adventurers (not modern scientists)? Any continent/era. - 11 comments, over 7 months old.

• Commenters summarize traps in the Tomb of David, and discussed in certain sagas.

• Many fantasy/historical computer games and RPGs feature "dungeons", ie a large labyrinthian set of tunnels, rooms, traps etc. Is there any historical basis for dungeons? - 56 comments, over 2 years old.

• Commenters here give various examples and some analyze how popular tales inspired the use of dungeons and labyrinths in modern media.

• How are ancient artifacts found and recovered? - 27 comments, over 1 year old.

• This post gets into how archaeologists working on projects from underwater sites to Roman facilities to Native American areas find the artifacts and put them in context.

It may be based on a misinterpretation of certain architectural features. For example, due to the prevalence of grave robbing/looting in ancient Egypt, pyramids were built with sliding portcullises and other methods of blocking access to the grave goods contained within the tomb. Various shafts and chambers were also included, which may fuel the perception. However, no actual traps have been excavated, anywhere in the world. Some traps were rumored in a recently discovered ancient Chinese tomb, which has been deemed too dangerous to excavate, but the danger is probably more due to toxic mercury and unstable ground rather than traps, though I believe the traps are a consideration. There also was supposedly a situation where a large quantity of hematite was placed on a pyramid floor, which caused hazards for the workers until they got hazmat suits.

The trope is probably a recollection and embellishment of the measures taken by pyramid builders to make the tombs inaccessible.

Here's a more specific qustion I asked in /r/askscience.