Hi. I was wondering why the ancient world lacked other accounts of history. For instance, we only know about Persians from Greeks who hated their guts. Then we only know about Parhians from Romans and about Sassanids from Byzantines. I find this very strange.
The ancient world does not lack other accounts of history. To be sure, a great deal of popular history concerning the ancient Persian Empire comes from Herodotus and his account of the Persian Wars, or from Xenophon, Aristophanes, Diodorus, etc. But numerous scribes and scholars from within the Persian Empire did write down accounts of the events around them. Their format, however, was just very different from the format of Herodotus. Narrative history was not the universal method of recording events.
For instance, from near the center of the Persian Empire, we have the Behistun Inscription. This inscription was commissioned by King Darius I sometime in the late 6th or early 5th century BCE. In it, Darius recounts his rise to the throne, his defeat of various pretenders and rebels, and lays out the extent of his empire. The text was inscribed on a cliff face along a major road between Mesopotamia and Media (northern Iran), and was written in three different languages: Old Persian, Akkadian, and Elamite. It obviously has a propagandist tilt, but the text provides a great deal of information concerning Darius' view of his reign.
Moreover, we have numerous other royal inscriptions from the Persian Empire, as well as numerous architectural and material remains (such as jewelry, pottery, wall reliefs, etc.). Moreover, Babylonian scribes in Babylon recorded historical chronicles that recounted the events in any given year for administrative or religious reasons. Remember, modern historians use all sources in order to write history, not just textual sources. But with that being said, even though there are no exact parallels to Herodotus for ancient Persia, the Persian elites recorded events in other manners.
There are quite a few famous Chinese historians from Antiquity. Sima Qian, ~145-85 BCE, wrote "The Records of the Grand Historian," which is an at least somewhat skeptical examination of the narrative of Chinese prehistory and early history, from the Yellow Emperor through the Zhou years. Sima Qian was castrated by Han Dynasty officials, which perhaps leaves him a bit hostile to the government in his own time.
Another famous Chinese ancient historian was Chen Shou (233-297 CE), a Jin Dynasty-era writer who chronicled the story of the Three Kingdoms period.