If so, why? And what were the effects of this?
This is a pretty common question here; here's some links from the FAQ:
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1z88rb/how_accurate_are_stories_about_nazi_occultism/
and a few others that have been posted over the years:
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2ga8l4/theres_many_stories_ive_heard_about_the_nazis/
Most posts agree that it is largely a post-war pop phenomenon with fairly little evidence to support it.