the war was fought between israel and 5 surrounding nations + iraq. how was israel able to win?
please, facts and no biases.
Israel had a few things going for it, that the Arab states did not...
Motivation - Nothing motivates like fighting for your life. The new state of Israel was extraordinarily determined, because everything hinged on its survival. The surrounding Arab states, however, were working towards different goals. While they publicly professed to want to erase Israel, what they intended to do afterward differed. Jordan, Egypt, Syria, etc., all wanted different parts of the area for themselves. This lack of coordination and lack of a coherent motivation meant that the Israeli fighters had the inherent advantage of fighting for their lives, and also having a single, coherent goal that they all coordinated towards.
Humility - The Arab states were extraordinarily large compared to Israel, and expected an easy win. They had more gunpower than Israel at the outset of the war, and expected that the Jewish fighters would crumble when they invaded with tanks and the like. That arrogance was matched by Israeli humility, as Israel was well aware it was outmatched and thus had more reason for caution, planning, etc..
Experience - Israeli troops were led by people who had fought in WWII, or been trained by British forces at the very least. Jordan's forces were the most experienced, but they coincidentally did the least fighting as well. The other Arab states had less trained forces, with little experience, meaning Israel had an advantage there as well.
Battle-lines - The territory was not only one that Israel had been more experienced on (having fought a civil war in it against the Palestinians sans Arab intervention until the Arab states invaded, for almost 6 months), it was one that it had an inherent advantage in. Unlike the Arab states, who had to ship their forces relatively far distances and coordinate over larger distances, Israel had shorter supply lines, coordinating lines, and less trouble doing so.
Manpower - The Arab states didn't coordinate very well, as I said, and that related to how they projected power as well. Israel actually managed to field more troops through instituting a draft than the Arab states combined, which helped it of course.
That's a short run-down. If you have more questions or want me to clarify or expand on one of these points, I can help. I just tried to give a quick overview.