I am interested in some Old Norse geographical names connected to viking voyages and I found some of them, but I still have some gaps (especially in the names of the seas). Please also correct me where I am wrong! Here is my list:
Vinland Groenland Island Norvegr Danmark Svíþjóð Finland England Some cities: þrandheim Birka Uppsala Novgorod Kiev Hedeby Jorvik Dublin Seas: North Sea - Norðrhaf Mediterranean Sea - ?, English Channel - ?, sea between Iceland and Greenland -?
Thank you in advance for the help!
OP, it's not entirely clear what you're looking for: only the names of the 3 waterbodies? do you have questions about the other placenames listed? are you requesting additional contributions?
I had written quite a post on this subject, before AlienBlue (reddit's iOS client) figured it might be a nice idea to crash thrice. So here's a quick rundown on what I had written.
The ocean between Iceland and Greenland is the North Atlantic. That part specifically is called Grænlandssund in Icelandic (lit. translation: Greenland Strait - Eng. translation: Denmark Strait). There are other areas you need to consider as well.
Grænlandshaf (lit. translation: Greenland sea - Eng. translation: Irminger sea) lies to the west of Iceland. Íslandshaf (lit. translation: Iceland sea - Eng. translation: Greenland sea) is to the north of Iceland. You can see how the translations might be misleading. (Unnsteinn Stefánsson, 1999. Hafið - aggregated from visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=63229)
However, today this area (and more of them) are called "Norður íshaf" (North Ice ocean). In Old Norse, this was called Dumbshaf (Bárðar sögu Snæfellsáss, ch. 18).
miklagard = constantinople
svearike = sweden