My english is not good enough to explain it, but there is an article in wikipedia.

Basically, a lot of palestinians escaped from the Ottoman empire to europe early 20th century. From there they travelled to Argentina (like a lot of people in that period) and from there to Chile. As they escaped using turkish passports the palestinian were called (and are still commonly call) turks (turcos) here in Chile.

Here is a better article from BBC but is in spanish.