Edit: I meant Operation Bagration, not Barbarossa. Sorry for the confusing title!
I hear a lot about how attacks are carried out on a grand scale - i.e. this many tanks and men attacked here and after a struggle overcame the enemy, etc. etc. But I don't know much about how the men on the ground would have attacked and overcome the enemy, the steps they would have taken, etc. How would they typically go about it?
I've chosen platoon sizes fairly arbitrarily, it seemed like a size large enough to have been examined before and small enough to cover the kind of tactics I'm asking about. I'm by no means a military buff so if there's a more appropriate unit size, or if you feel the topic focus needs narrowing, please do answer based on how you think the question is best approached.
I have also chosen two specific time periods to make it a little less broad: the beginning of the war in the east at the height of Germany's power and the beginning of the counter attack of Bagration when the Red Army was a lot more experienced and felt capable of beginning a massive campaign like Bagration.
First of all, a little note: Maybe I misinterpret your post, but Operation Barbarossa was the German attack on the USSR, not the Soviet counter attack.
Regarding small infantry unit tactics, I can recommend an instructional video by the US OSS (Office of Strategic Services) on the German squad tactics. It shows the German doctrine of combined arms: The machine gun was not operated by an independent machine gun squad, but embedded within a regular infantry squad. This was called a "Gruppe" (group). As the video shows, the German doctrine emphasized supression fire and fire-and-move tactics. The goal was not necessarily to outright kill the enemy, but to surpress any resistance until a breakthrough could be achieved to encircle the enemy forces.