For a question asked as enthusiastically as this, I fear the answer must be a bit disappointing, because the answer is, to the nearest approximation, "no fallout at all". I don't know where you heard the thing about Pythagoras sacrificing 100 oxen, but given that the Pythagoreans expressly forbade sacrificing oxen, I'm willing to bet it's a modern invention.

The reputation of irrational numbers as a source of confusion or horror has a convoluted history. The earliest incarnation is in a ca. 300 CE commentary on Euclid's Elements by one Pappos (pp. 63-4 edd. Junge and Thomson, 1930). Here's a rendering of the same story in the Euclid scholia (on Elements book 10, scholion 1, which has the virtue of being a more easily available text):

So not all things' sizes are commensurable. It was the Pythagoreans who first developed the idea of commensurability, insofar as sizes are commensurable. For they designated all sizes that are under the same measure as "commensurate", and those which do not fall under the same measure as "incommensurable"...

For there is a story of the Pythagoreans that the first man who made public the theory of these matters died in a shipwreck, and this perhaps was a sign that all that is irrational (alogon) prefers to be kept hidden in all ways, both unspoken (alogon) and unseen, and if any soul is openly greedy for this kind of theory and makes it visible, then he gets sunk in the sea of reincarnation, and dashed by its chaotic currents. This is the kind of reverence that these men once had about the theory of irrationals.

This story was cemented in the modern imagination by an 1892 book, John Burnet's Early Greek Philosophy, which repeated the story but misattributed it to Iamblichos' Life of Pythagoras.

If you look at Iamblichos, though -- it's at §34, section 247 -- you'll see that his story was about something totally different:

With respect to Hippasus however especially, they assert that he was one of the Pythagoreans, but that in consequence of having divulged and described the method of forming a sphere from twelve pentagons, he perished in the sea, as an impious person, but obtained the renown of having made the discovery.

A version of the story also appears in Plutarch's Life of Numa 22, who is the oldest but also the vaguest source.

More recent writers have in turn misinterpreted Burnet as saying that Hippasus was deliberately drowned by other Pythagoreans, since they supposedly wanted to keep irrationals (not the dodecahedron) a secret; and that's the most popular version you'll hear nowadays.

But outside Pappos there's no hint that there was any secrecy, reverence, or anxiety surrounding irrational numbers. It's pretty clear that he (or his source) took the dodecahedron story and got it wrong, probably because it made for a nice wordplay on alogon meaning both "irrational" and "unspoken". There may, I admit, be a link in that one mathematician, Theaetetus (best known from Plato's dialogue of the same name), did research on both irrational numbers and the so-called "Platonic solids" (which include the dodecahedron). Theaetetus discovered the octohedron and the icosahedron; he also demonstrated the existence of irrationals whose squares are also irrational (arguably an important step towards the discovery of transcendental numbers). But Theaetetus studied these matters perfectly openly, and Plato and later writers like Euclid are calm and level-headed on the subject of irrationals. Take a look at the passage where the subject is introduced in Plato Theaetetus 147d-148b (it goes on for another three pages): Socrates is impressed by a pretty nifty mathematical discovery. That's about it.