hi! There are some naval historians who might help you out here, but just a note that tall ships still exist; some of them tour the world and they do dock at piers, so it may be worth x-posting to a nautical sub, e.g. /r/Nautical, /r/Sailing, or even /r/Tallships

They would be towed by their boats, warp themselves away by ropes attached to anchors, use giant oars, or use wind power as available.

Tall ships still exist and dock at ports all the time.

You can use another vessel to tow you (in modern times you'd just use one of the tug boats), until you can unfurl the mainsails. Or, unfurl some of the smaller sails if the wind is right for the situation, get out of the confines of a marina (or wherever) and then use the mainsails.