Preferably, using specific cases to illustrate the process.
It would be helpful for you to make your question a lot more specific and detailed. Initially, do you mean from the investigative angle, or within the courts? If the latter, what are you interested in? The function of the prosecutor? The availability of defense counsel? The substantive rights of the defendant? The applicable substantive or procedural law?
There's a lot here that could be answered, but it's abundantly unclear what you're looking for, and thus what we should be trying to provide.