Arguably the British bear a lot of responsibility for the conflict in Palestine. The start of British responsibility lies with Britain's conduct during the First World War. To cut short a long story Britain made three fairly contradictory arrangements over what would become of the territory of the Ottoman Empire.

The first agreement was made with Sharif Hussein bin Ali who was at the time "King" of Mecca and its surrounding territories. To again shorten a long story he agreed to lead an Arab revolt against the Ottoman Empire and to ally himself with Britain. In exchange the British agreed that after the war he would be allowed to form an Arab state that stretched from Syria to Saudi Arabia. This led to the Arab Revolt, in which Sharif Hussein led his men (accompanied by T.E. Lawrence) in a guerrilla war against the Ottoman Turks.

The Second Agreement the British made over the Ottoman lands was the Sykes-Picot agreement which basically divided up the land of the Levant between Britain and France (I'm simplifying again here). France taking Syria, Lebanon and Turkish Cilicia. Britain taking Palestine, Jordan and Mesopotamia.

The British Balfour Declaration was the Final agreement made over the land. In it the British declared their support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

So as you can see the British had made three different and incompatible arrangements over the fate of the Middle East. The Sykes-Picot agreement ultimately won out. The Hashemites (sons of Sharif Hussein) were given control of the kingdoms of Transjordan and Mesopotamia (under British control of course). But were denied their promised Pan--Arab nation. The Sykes-Picot agreement was leaked by the Russian Revolutionaries in 1917 (undermining what little trust the Arabs had for the western powers).

This is not a full answer to your question but I don't have an in-depth knowledge of the Zionist movement or the British Mandate of Palestine. Treat this answer as an introduction to the issue.