The population disparity between slaves and whites was one of the reasons that Jamaican slavery was so brutal. Whites were especially paranoid of a slave revolt because they were so outnumbered and they brutally suppressed any form slave resistance. For instance if a slave found doing anything even remotely suspicious they could be disciplined by any white member of the community. This would be at the very least a beating and could be worse depending on the offense.

Another factor was Jamaica's sugar economy. Sugar was a labor intensive and dangerous crop. The life expectancy of slaves in Jamaica was relatively short. With slaves dying and being injured constantly, slaves needed to be replaced regularly. Slaves that came from Africa did not speak a common language in many cases and sometimes animosity from different ethnic groups extended to the new world. Slave culture and community were not able to form like in places like the US. Without slaves working together, the likelihood of revolt was significantly lower.

Finally for the slaves that did survive, if they proved to be good workers, they might be made into overseers. This was the highest position a slave could attain in Jamaican society. Overseers that were free men were particularly brutal because they were afraid of being seen as soft on slaves due to their own skin color. Therefore a slave revolt was even less likely in a society where the highest position a slave could attain was vested in the slave system.

Burnard, Trevor. Mastery, Tyranny, and Desire: Thomas Thistlewood and his Slaves in the Anglo-Jamaican World. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.

Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Life and Other Writings of Olaudah Equiano. Edited by Vincent Carretta. Electronic Edition. New York: Penguin Books, 2003.

Small scale slave resistance did occur on Jamaican plantations. "Maroon" communities were made of slaves who ran away from their masters but stayed close enough to the farms/fields to ensure access to supplies. Mortality rates among slaves and whites were also extremely high in Jamaica throughout the colonial period due to disease and physical exhaustion. There were also cultural/spiritual factors that could have prevented a popular uprising. The transatlantic journey was seen by numerous igbo peoples as the transition from life to death itself. I'm not an expert on this so if you are interested in this please check out The Reaper's Garden by Vincent Brown.

The first thing to note is that resistance was pretty much a constant. Slaves could resist in a variety of ways depending on their position. Eric Williams, in Capitalism and Slavery (my main source for a lot of this) discussed deliberately working slowly, damaging important machinery, destroying crops and, for house slaves, poisoning their owners.

Revolution, on the whole, was a lot harder. For starters, slaves came from a variety of communities across Africa, which led to a huge range of languages and cultural groups. Slave traders made deliberate efforts to split up cultural groups in order to prevent coordination among slaves. As a result, slaves often could not communicate with each other and plan revolution. Continual churn was also an issue. The treatment of slaves was brutal and Williams estimates the average life expectancy of a Caribbean slave after arrival to have been between three and seven years. As a result, it was difficult for any coordinated leadership to emerge.

In addition, as has been noted below, draconian punishments were the norm. In Black Jacobins, CLR James lists the range of punishments imposed on Haitian slaves which, while I don't have the full list to hand, covered a pretty wide range of extremely unpleasant tortures and methods of execution. Thanks to a paranoid white elite and a lack of legal protection for slaves, it was extremely easy for slave owners to crush dissent wherever they perceived it to exist.

Of course, nonetheless there were multiple revolutions. The Maroons, and in particular their redoubtable leaders Nanny and Cudjoe, essentially created an independent state within Jamaica, populated by escaped slaves (not quite the same as a revolution, but close enough). The possibility of revolt was, however, taken very seriously and the British government expended considerable resources harassing the Maroons in an attempt to defeat them. Ultimately, the British signed a treaty with the Maroons, guaranteeing their autonomy but requiring them to return runaway slaves.

The Baptist War of 1831-32 was also a significant revolt in Jamaica, with up to 60,000 slaves (20% of the total population) revolting. It was put down without much trouble due to the presence of well-armed British troops on the island. As with many slave revolts, a lack of equipment in the face of well-drilled troops guaranteed failure.

Haiti, in many ways, is an exceptional case. The French Revolution, which began two years before the Haitian Revolution, created something of a power vacuum in the distant colony where authorities were unclear as to their position under the new revolutionary government of France. In addition, there was substantial uncertainty over whether or not slaves would be freed by the revolutionary government. Finally, due to the Revolution and the distance of Saint-Domingue from France, it was hard for troops to reinforce the island's elites. Finally, Toussaint L'Ouverture was an unusually well-educated and astute leader who was able to coordinate a widespread revolution.

Due to uncertainty, the Haitian slaves were able to start from a more advantageous position than most other slave revolutions. Weak colonial authority and the sheer numbers of the revolution allowed them to take control of the colony. The French Revolution delayed a response from metropolitan France and, by the time it came, the Haitians were sufficiently well-entrenched to resist efforts to reconquer them. In spite of this, and due to separate expeditions by the British and the Spanish, the Haitians still struggled to defend their independence. Toussaint L'Ouverture was captured by the French and ultimately the Haitians were compelled to sign a financially ruinous peace treaty by which they paid vast indemnities to French slave-owners.

As you can see, slave revolts were generally hard to organise, impossible to coordinate and easily crushed by well-armed and well-trained colonial soldiers. It took a pretty unique set of circumstances for the Haitian Revolution to be successful. Nonetheless, revolutions were a constant threat and not infrequent reality. Lower levels of resistance were an everyday occurrence and in many ways characterise the experience of slavery.

Sources:

E. Williams, Capitalism and Slavery CLR James, Black Jacobins G. Lewis, The Growth of the Modern West Indies BW Higman, A Concise History of the Caribbean S. Palmie & F. Scarano eds., The Caribbean: A History of the Region and Its People

OP talks about Tacky's revolt in Jamaica but can we widen it to the general Caribbean area given the numbers seem the same and thus the answers probably will be too (wikipedia tells me Haiti had about 17 to 1 White to slave population with it being 1 to 9 white+free mulatto to slave). While Haiti revolted it didn't revolt for a long time and i'm guessing there is more written on say Haiti than just Jamaica.