I know this one!

So the Nazis had an entire historical narrative that interpreted all of history as a battle between various races. Essentially, it boiled down to the idea that the only race capable of creating and sustaining complex culture or civilization was the Aryan race. In the Nazi understanding of race, the German people represented the last remaining pure example of an Aryan people, although they also acknowledged that other Northern Europeans (namely Scandinavians and the English) were racially redeemable. The narrative states that all the great cultures of the past, including the ancient Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Indians, and Chinese, were created by bands of wandering Aryans. Everywhere other than northern Europe, these Aryans eventually intermixed with the lesser peoples they conquered, and so lost the ability to maintain their advanced civilizations. Jesus was even claimed to have been an Aryan by the Nazis. This racial ideology was most directly stated in the 1930 book The Myth of the Twentieth Century by Alfred Rosenberg, who was a member of the Nazi party from its earliest beginnings, and one of Hitler's closest counselors. Hitler once called Rosenberg "the only man I always listen to." Hitler had some personal qualms with this book, mostly feeling that it was too radically anti-Christian, and Hitler did not want to provoke Christians among his supporters. Nonetheless, Rosenberg's book was popularly considered the basic party line on race.

I just finished writing a paper on this topic. I drew mostly on Rosenberg's The Myth of the Twentieth Century but also relied heavily on Robert Cecil's 1972 The Myth of the Master Race. Cecil has a very clear anti-Nazi bias, but I thought he was more or less on point with this information about Nazi ideology.

Let me know if you have more specific questions I can address.

EDIT: It is worth noting as well that Rosenberg's The Myth of the Twentieth Century was specifically intended as a response to Chamberlain's The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century, mentioned in another reply.

So the Nazis based much of their ideology off a work by a late nineteenth century British writer (who was himself absolutely obsessed with German culture and history) named Houston Stewart Chamberlain. He wrote a book called the "Foundations of the Nineteenth Century" where in he argued that there were two distinct "racial groups", "Aryans" and "Semites."

The "Aryans" were pretty much every European culture, Germans, French, Celts, Slavs (strangely enough) etc. The most advanced Aryan Race was obviously the Teutons; or the German races. The Aryan race also included the original Greeks and Romans. They were the descendants of the ruling class of India, and for some reason (neither the Nazis nor Chamberlain ever proposed a concrete reason) said that the Aryan Indians had fled India and spread all over Europe; becoming the ruling race anywhere they went.

The "Semites" were the Arabs, Jews, etc. As you can probably guess, the "leader" of the Semites were the Jewish race. Chamberlain argued that the original Jews were nomadic Arabs who had succeeded in breeding with other races, acquiring certain traits, for example their supposedly Jewish noses came from breeding with the Hittites. This inter-breeding led to the modern Jew that the Nazis wanted to eventually destroy.

Chamberlain looked fondly on Hellenic Art and Roman law and saw those as the foundations of Western civilization. However, he assumed that via Christianity the Jews "corrupted" both cultures which led to their destruction by the Germanic peoples who eventually came onto the scene.

Hitler lays out a very similar line:

Paul of Tarsus (his name was Saul, before the road to Damascus) was one of those who persecuted Jesus most savagely. When he learnt that Jesus's supporters let their throats be cut for His ideas, he realised that, by making intelligent use of the Galilean's teaching, it would be possible to overthrow this Roman State which the Jews hated. It's in this context that we must understand the famous "illumination". Think of it, the Romans were daring to confiscate the most sacred thing the Jews possessed, the gold piled up in their temples! At that time, as now, money was their god. On the road to Damascus, St. Paul discovered that he could succeed in ruining the Roman State by causing the principle to triumph of the equality of all men before a single God—and by putting beyond the reach of the laws his private notions, which he alleged to be divinely inspired. If, into the bargain, one succeeded in imposing one man as the representative on earth of the only God, that man would possess boundless power.

This was put into practice quite well by Hitler who respected the Greeks and the Romans. Although Speer pointed out later on in life that Hitler held a very idealized view of both cultures that didn't really fit with any sort of historical narrative and was largely based on boy hood tales that Hitler idolized growing up. Hitler after all was a big fan of the famous Greek heroes like the Spartans.

Furthermore, Hitler seemed to respect nations with long histories. He famously made the Japanese honorary Aryans, but he respected both the Chinese and the Japanese and held them in high esteem. He admitted that their cultures and history was far older than those of the Aryans.

Im not sure if anyone could answer my question, but why were the Nazis fascinated with Roman culture when the Romans fought so hard to try to conquer the Germanic people?

This is my first post here so hopefully i'm okay to ask this here (The rules say follow up questions are allowed): How did Hitlerthe Nazi's view the Aztecs, Mayans, and other precolumbian mesoamerican cultures?

My (admittedly limited) knowledge is that a lot of what we know today about them was that a lot about we know about them wasn't established until well after the second world war was over so that certainly wouldn't have helped.

Also, is it true that the Nazis 'proved' that the Bible showed conflict between Jews and Aryans?

To those who have answered OP's question: how much of the claims of the Nazis are actually correct? Regarding the race narrative of history and stuff like that.