The Marquis de Sade wrote his 120 Journées de Sodome on small pieces of paper in his prison cell at the Bastille. Some editions of the book were published and sold illegally on the streets of Paris, but most of his writings were essentially lost and weren't published until the 20th century. (Leonard de Saint-Yves, Introduction to collected works of De Sade.) Therefore, the answer to your question would be no, since none of his writings were available or widely read during his lifetime or indeed, not until the 20th century.

In addition, although de Sade's Justine had caused him the most trouble during his lifetime, "until Guillaume Apollinaire mentioned the Biblothèque nationale MS in 1909, it does not seem to have been known to anyone. Maurice Heine transcribed and published it in 1930." (Same source as the one mentioned above.)