During the age of sail, how did large ships maneuver in ports?

by stmorgante

This view of the West India Docks in London looks like it would be tough to maneuver a steamship in, let alone a sailboat. How did such large ships move in tight spaces? How did they move away from piers when docked alongside them?

Searocksandtrees

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DBHT14

A few different methods could be used. The first would have been simply using a minimum of sail. Maybe just the mains heavily reefed amd a small jib. Enough to let the helm answer and make small forward progress.

Another could be simply towing. It was perfectly common for a larger ship to send its boats out in a calm or congested area and for them to row the mother ship forward. Tiring yes but sometimes that's all you could do.

Another option is to Warp or Kedge. Kedging involved taking the ship's anchor out a distance, letting it catch, then pulling it in amd building forward momentum that way and repeating. While warping is essentially the same process but with fixed points on the shore like cleats or bollards.