In 500 AD in the north-central Andes, two cultures are the most powerful: the Moche and the Recuay. The Moche were a bureaucratic state/kingdom that lived on the coast and its river valleys. If you're looking for chiefdoms, though, we'll focus on the Recuay. "Everything I know" about them would be quite a bit, so I'll give you what you asked about to start. The definitive book on the Recuay is partially availableonline, so I'll reference page numbers for some figures from there.

Background Info: 500 AD is in the middle of what we call the Early Intermediate Period, a time when local cultures diversified and smaller polities competed for power. This contrasts with the surrounding Early and Middle Horizon periods, when single unified cultures/states held power across the Andes (Chavin, Wari/Tiwanaku). The Recuay inhabited the slopes of the Andes, primarily in the Callejon de Huaylas and Callejon de Conchucos on either side of the Cordillera Blanca, typically at over 3000 meters above sea level. After the decline of the Chavin culture's influence in the region around 200 BC, the Huaraz culture, which is primarily known through its ceramics predominated in the region. By 200 AD, the Recuay culture was solidly in place.

Military: In the power vacuum left by the fall of Chavin, elite families emerged which established entirely new settlements on defensible mountain peaks and plateaus. A "commonwealth" of small Recuay chiefdoms developed, each centered on a fortified hilltop town surrounded by small farming hamlets. While clearly unified by culture, there's little evidence for political unity, as various centers gained and lost power over the decades. The prevalence of warriors in Recuay art suggests that these weren't purely economic or diplomatic disputes either. Stone sculptures of warriors show them with maces, spears, shields and headbands with decorative metal plates. Some will even be holding the trophy heads of decapitated enemies (pg. 172 fig. 41). In ceramics, warriors are frequently shown in positions of power not unlike images of chiefs. We have uncovered sling stones, spear points, a pointed mace heads. Due to the dramatic terrain and small polities, it's not likely that the Recuay had large armies as would the later Wari and Inca empires. We do see, on Moche vessels such as [this], full scale armed combat between militaries. So while raids and skirmishes were undoubtedly common, such battles likely did occur.

Food: The Recuay were agropastoralists: they relied primarily on farming and domesticated herds for food. I am unaware of any evidence for hunting in the highlands. Crops consisted on maize, quinoa, and potatoes. Families raised guinea pigs for meat (some houses have been found with small pens inside of them just for this purpose), and herders raised llamas and alpacas for meat and wool. Many large stone corrals of indefinitely great antiquity remain in use. By the Recuay period, Andean farmers had built terraces to increase the available farmland for centuries, and the same ones have been in use til today. For a sense of their scale take a look at this mountainside: those are terraces all the way up.

Houses: I mentioned before that Recuay settlements were fortified. That's putting it lightly. The defining feature of Recuay households is a central space surrounded by few households with a single access, called "apartment complexes" or "patio groups." Page 433 in this article as a good reconstruction of one such structure. Some of these residences may have been up to 5 stories tall with a single entrance just wider than your shoulders, sometimes even without windows. On page 435, you can see the raised platforms that some buildings were built on, putting the floor at 12 meters tall to begin with. These were then surrounded by additional walls (three of them, in one case) and trenches several meters deep. And of course, many of them are built at the very edges of a precipice.

Religion: Priests may have been important elsewhere, but we don't see it as a distinct role among the Recuay. The Recauy represented a substantial departure from their predecessors and neighbors. While Moche and Chavin rituals used enormous pyramids and temples, Recuay ritual was focused on family groups who celebrated their significant ancestors. The "religion" of ancestor veneration was highly participatory; the most evident ritual is honorary feasts in plazas or small enclosure outside tombs. These Recuay burials were built for ease of access. Early ones were multi-chambered subterranean passages, but later Recuay burials adapted he chullpa style. These were above ground structures that look somewhat like small houses. They range from single chambers of 10 square feet to large buildings with three stories in designated mortuary complexes. Deceased family members were tied in a fetal position (mummy warning) and wrapped in elaborate textiles (pg. 243); the dry environment inside the tombs preserved them. These "mummy bundles" were frequently moved in and out of the tombs so that families could celebrate with their own ancestors. (We find stray toe bones and other extremities at ceremonial sites- those don't just pop up anywhere).

Obviously that's just a cursory introduction these topics. If you want more detailed info on anything I mentioned, or on any other topic, do ask!

Before I go on and on about something you're not interested in, is there a more specific region or culture you had in mind?