From what I understand, the Gracchi argued that successful Roman military conquest had resulted in an influx of slave labor, which in turn allowed the patricians to consolidate and expand their land holdings in Italy, driving the peasantry into the cities and swelling population of urban poor. Land redistribution and the introduction of the grain dole were meant to alleviate this. Do modern historians agree with this explanation? Or do they see other causes as being the primary drivers of urbanization?
You've pretty much hit the nail on the head. However, you missed an important point. Introducing the grain dole makes one VERY popular with the people, which is a pretty big incentive. Though of course it is also unpopular with the senate... RIP Gracchi bros.