Rowland Smith's Julian's Gods: Religion and Philosophy in the Thought and Action of Julian the Apostate is a comprehensive overview of Julian's attempt to stall the rising tide of monotheism with a very unique form of Hellenism.

You could have a look at Anagarika Dhamapala who led the Buddhist revival in Ceylon, Aurobindo and Vivekananda. All were anti-colonialists who developed critiques of the west and most particularly of protestantism. I'd look at Vivekananda especially since he develops a critique of protestantism.