In 1993, Brazil held two referendums on its constitution.
The first question was to decide between a Monarchy or a republic, and the second question was a to decide between a parliamentary system or a presidential system.
Why did this happen? What would have happened if the people voted for a Monarchy, did they have a royal family in waiting?
From 1964 until Tancredo Neves election as president in 1985, Brazil was governed by a millitary dictatorship. After Tancredo was elected (still indirectly), a new constitution started to be developed. This new constitution (that was made official in 1988) made sure that the people would chose the next form of government, and, to enforce that, two referendums took place in 1993, at the same date. Republic and presidentialism won.
If monarchy had won, the descendants of the last brazilian emperor (Dom Pedro II) would become the new royal family.