Hi! I'm only an art history student but when I read your question, the first thing I thought of was this http://imgur.com/LxMfB67 drawing by daumier, called "this year, venuses again...always venuses!" From 1864. It's criticizing a popular trend in art salons at the time, where many of the submissions to the shows were paintings of nude women (typically called 'Venus' because that made the nudity of the subject acceptable). Is something like this what you're thinking of?

Are you interested only in the visual arts? Or may I talk about a novel? Because I read this and my first thought was of Northanger Abbey by Jane Austen. It was written in the late 1790s but not published for a decade or two, and it was a satire of Gothic novels. The main character acts like the heroine of a Gothic novel, but is living in a realistic world, so her behavior makes her look foolish. It played with a lot of the tropes of the genre and referenced other, popular works. The characters and situations would have certainly seemed intentionally ridiculous to readers when it was first published, but many modern readers understandably miss the references, so it's not one of her more popular novels.