Quebec is a french colony.

Most of Canada was colonized by the British.

The province of Quebec was a colony of France that was fought over with the english. The French were defeated by the English (arguably because the French cared more for their Caribbean colonies and did not send enough troops to the frontline). French Canadians maintained much of their traditions however, and have since the 70's put protectionalist laws in place such as making french the official language (in a country that is officially bilingual) in Quebec and Bill 101 a charter to protect the french language. So why do you see so much french in Quebec?part of Bill 101 states that businesses must have French names, and that advertising is always in french and twice the size as english. That said, Quebec is not the only place in NA to find french. New Brunswick has a very bilingual community many of whom speak french as a first language as does parts of Ontario, Louisiana, Haiti, and the Acadians.

The decision was made quite early on to allow Quebec to keep its language, laws and religion. This was enshrined by the Quebec Act of 1774. This was more than anything a practical decision. The population of Quebec was too large to expel the way the Acadians of Nova Scotia had been expelled and allowing these concessions was a good way of keeping the Quebec colony loyal when decaying relations with the American colonies reached a crisis point, which they soon did.