I'm not sure what you are asking here. Are you asking if historiography has a strong theory in which history is seen as a cycle? The answer to that question is negative. Generally historiography shies away from grand theories stretching over hundreds of years. Even when discussing Global History, historians are very careful with generalizations and their attempts to unravel grand patterns. History never repeats itself. If you zoom out enough, you will always see similarities and patterns. That's why it's important in historiography to zoom in an to pay attention to detail, while keeping the bigger picture in mind.

If you are wondering if there have been civilizations or times in history where people experienced time as a cycle, then the answer is positive. There are many convincing theories which pose that during most older civilizations or times, people experienced time a lot less linear than we do. That goes both for farmers as educated individuals.