Dutch Resistance

by gijsbertha

I would be grateful for some help in where to look for information about the Dutch Resistance, and Holland in general, In WWII

RMSEP

Alright, I'm not an expert on this, but I have a healthy interest in my countries past and for WW2 in particular.

I guess you refer to the resistance to the German occupation as carried out by civilians in the period 1940-1945. Just to distinguish from the 5 days of resistance the Dutch army put up against the invading Nazis.

Resistance to the occupation grew gradually as with time itsdownsides became more apparant. Right after the Dutch surrender, people were tentative and hesitant to see what life was going to be like. With increasing harrasment and ofcourse later deportation of Dutch Jews grew the resentment against the Germans. This was amplified later when all able bodied Dutch men were called upon for labour service in Germany (again, this is just from memory, please consult serious sources for exact dates etc).

Resistance came in various forms. An obvious first example is the February Strike in 1941. It was a general protest against deportation of Jews and the forced labour. There's an impressive monument in Amsterdam to remember this event. Another version of resistance was sheltering people that were wanted by the German occupiers. These could be Jews (most famous example: Anne Frank and here family), but also young men wanted for labour or other resistance members whose identity was compromised.

Owning a radio was made illigal, because you could listen to the broadcasts made by the Dutch government and Queen from London. However, many people hid their radio and listened nonetheless. This can be considered a form of resistance.

Spreading news that was not Nazi-propaganda was done via various illigal newspapers (some of which still exist). Writing, printing and delivering these was a form of active resistance. Militarized resistance against the Germans did not cease either. Some Dutch people crossed the North Sea to the UK and joined the Royal Airforce, the Special Operations Executive or the new found Dutch army regiment.

Finally there was resistance by force against the occupiers. This was often done by well organized and interconnected groups of resistance fighters. Their actions would typically include burning civil registers (to avoid detection of Jews), robbing rationing-cards to feed people in hiding, assessinating high ranking Nazis or collaborating Dutchmen, liberating fellow resistance fighters from jail, sabotaging infrastructure and shuttling downed Allied airmen to liberated territory. These activities were supported by weapon and supply drops from the UK and by couriers (often young women) carrying messages between the various resistance groups.

It is good to take a moment to image how incredebly courageous these activities were. The consequences of getting caught were grave and sometimes innocent citizens were murdered as reprisal for acts of resistance.

Some notable members of the resistance were:

Sources (all in Dutch):

Edit: remove personal anecdote and a wiki link. Also added non-wiki sources