Probably Mansa Musa/Musa I of Mali, emperor of the Malian Kingdom in the late 13th and early 14th century. When he went on a pilgrimage to Mecca he had 12,000 slaves with him, each one carrying four bars of gold. He had camels laden with gold dust. He gave gold to people and communities to such an extent that he managed to devalue gold in Egypt for a decade.