How did non-purchased advancement in rank work in the British Army during the period of the Napoleonic Wars?

by Goat_im_Himmel

So obviously, the British army allowed the purchase of commissions, but it was still possible to gain promotion on merit.

So this has me wondering a few things:

  • How likely was promotion on merit? What percentage of officers could expect to advance that way?

  • Were certain ranks more likely on merit than others? ie it was easy enough to move into a captaincy on merit, but you might stall out if you lacked the funds to gain a majority?

  • Did purchase still come into play at the highest echelons of command, or was that all merit based? ie what was the last advancement in rank that could be purchased? I assume that Wellington didn't need to pay for his Field Marshalship, nor did the guys running things at Horse Guards, but I know many a Colonel bought his position, so where did it end?

Hansafan

Not qualified to answer, but I'd like to add a small follow-up question: How was the system of purchased advancement perceived within the military in general? Even in a system with firm traditional favouring of the aristocracy etc, you'd think someone would feel that incompetents simply buying their way into influential or even vitally tactical/strategical positions was a really bad idea - after all, it's in everyone involved's interest that the military actually wins their battles.