Would non-Europeans typically be given any sort of treatment prior to the Geneva & Hague Conventions, or was a stick from a bayonet more likely?
It depends upon time and place. Most accounts of the treatment of the wounded at Omdurman and the Nile campaign suggest that the bayonet was the usual treatment, at least of immobile enemy wounded. Walking wounded were simply allowed to disperse back to their homes, or, at the Atbara, for example, were captured and treated by their own people. Most of the surviving Sudanese were enlisted into the Egyptian army. In earlier campaigns it would again depend upon the when and where. Zulu wounded would be casualties caused by soft nosed Martini Henry bullets of .45 calibre, and they would be very unlikely to survive the tissue damage and the subsequent infections. Again, walking wounded would probably have been able to get away, but the immobile wounded left on the ground at Ulundi or Rorke's Drift, for example, are again likely to have been helped on their way. In the later campaigns in the NW Frontier, enemy wounded found on a battlefield were likely to be helped as much as possible, whilst again, in earlier campaigns, the type of ammunition used would mean that survival rates of seriously wounded enemies would be very low, even with medical treatment. Indians wounded in the Mutineer forces would have been killed on the spot.