So this is a bit of a complicated question depending on your definitions of what "China" is. The fact that we can actually talk about "China" so far back, with the Zhou hegemony at the latest, is remarkable but it becomes extremely complicated in the Neolithic. The strong core-periphery model which held from the Bronze Age on doesn't really apply, and so distinguishing what is and is not "Chinese" is largely a loaded semantics game.

That being said, the roots of culture that we can call "Chinese" can be found in the Neolithic, and very interestingly, the cultural forms that were so distinctive to China as it arose in the central plains can be found in both north and south. Just as a kind of simple example, the Longshan Culture of the north is where a lot of pottery forms, such as the ding tripod have their origins. On the other hand, the jade bi disc comes from the contemporary Liangzhu culture along the Yangtze. Now of course we should not read time backwards, what we have is a bewildering variety of archaeological cultures, a few bits and bobs of which were preserved in later cultures. Still, it is interesting that the e pluribus unum ideology of modern China has some support in the distant archaeological record, if you squint and turn your head a bit.

For outside influence, this is still a hotly debated topic. The earliest example of bronze artefacts in China come from the Majiayao in the eastern upper Yellow River region. Some have suggested that this indicates that bronze working came to China from the outside--certainly possible, although of course the Chinese made bronze their own in short order. Influence from he south is more nebulous.

But really there was not a single "China" at that time, and even the term "Chinese archaeology" has some problematic associations. The focus of many, both Chinese and outside, on uncovering the "origins" of Chinese civilization has sometimes obscured the Neolithic as Neolithic.