What was the Nazi Germany party line with regard to women's role in society? How did they feel about women in the work place?

by grapp
commiespaceinvader

Well, the Nazi Party line in regards to women can be summed up as pushing motherhood. Following from their völkisch ideology, a woman's role was to be that of a mother and servant to her husband, the Volksgemeinschaft, and the aryan race. Emancipation and suffrage were seen as results of Jeiwsh intellectualism and a jewish agenda to destroy Germany. Germany in the 1920s was one of the most progressive places in Europe when it came to wmen's rights and the Nazis tried to initiate a backlash against that.

This was especially noticeable in the labor force. Following their ideology the Nazis actually tried to reduce the number of women in the labor force. This was important in that a.) Germany had a large number of women who already had been in the work force due to WWI; and b.) this was an oppurtunity to alleviate mass unemployment by pushing women into motherhood and formerly unemployed men in their jobs. (The exception here were farmers' wives since they had a special role in Blood&Soil ideology as they were toiling the ground etc. etc.)

From 1936 this became a problem. With the preparations for war taking on steam, labor force became a rare commodity in Germany. Some of the "technocratic" faction of the Nazi leadership tried to argue that it was important to include more women in the workforce. In the end, Nazi leadership opposed this and started to fill the needed positions with forced laborers from all over Europe. The number of German women employed in the Nazi war economy only rose from 14.6 Million in 1939 to 14.9 Million in 1944.

Recent academic work specifically by Wendy Lower has shown that despite all of that women still played an important role in Nazi administration of occupied Europe as well as the Holocaust. Lower's book only uses a limited amount of examples (and has a horrible title, imo) but is useful in that it shows that women's roles as organizers, caregivers etc. has so far been underexamined.

I hope this gives you some answers and if you have any follow-up questions, please don't hesitate to ask.

Sources:

  • Marion Kaplan, When Biology Became Destiny. Women in Weimar and Nazi Germany. New York 1984.

  • Jill Stephenson, Women in Nazi Germany. New York 2001.

  • Wendy Lower, Hitler's Furies: German Women in the Nazi Killing Fields. Boston 2013.

  • Sybille Steinbacher (ed.), Volksgenossinnen: Frauen in der NS-Volksgemeinschaft. Göttingen 2007.