When is the earliest reference to anatolia or the ottoman empire as 'Turkey'?

by Qutuz

So far the earliest I can find is from a book called "Arabia, the cradle of Islam" published in 1900.

CptBuck

Do you mean in English or in any language? The OED records the earliest usage of "Turkey" in English with Chaucer c. 1369: "Ne sende men in-to Walakye,..To Alisaundre, ne in-to Turkye."

As the word itself originates with the Turks themselves it is of course much older but didn't necessarily apply to either the Ottoman Turks or to Anatolia.