I was looking up the meaning of "Soviet" and I learned that it more or less means "Council" but in practice its more akin "(Worker's) Union" or "Syndicate," at least in the context of Syndicalism. Using that translation, "Union of Syndicalist Socialist Republics" seems apt.
My question is two part: a) Did the Soviet Union use that name appear more like a Syndicalist State to the workers of the world? and b) Why did politicians and now historians not translate this term into English?
No. Your translation is off. 'Soviet' (совет) really does just mean 'council', as in a committee of representatives or group of counsellors. It's related to the verb советовать (to advise/counsel). The noun is used in many non-socialist contexts; two examples:
Государственный совет: The Council of State (to the Tsar)
Совет Безопасности ООН: UN Security Council
Conversely, the term used for 'syndicate' is/was синдикатов. In the immediate post-revolutionary period this could refer to a large economic trust (ie a syndicate in the Western sense) or 'Syndicalism' (синдикалистских), the latter very much a slur in Bolshevik circles. It stretches credibility that the Bolsheviks, who excoriated Syndicalism at every opportunity (example) would incorporate such a phrase into their new constitution.
Nor is there any suggestion that Syndicalism (note the capitalisation) was a factor in the original naming of the soviets. The first soviet convened in 1905, the 'Ivanovo-Voznesenskii Council (совет) of Representatives', did so at the suggestion of a local Tsarist official... hardly the stuff of anarchist dreams.
Well, "syndicate" in Russian is...syndicate (or "синдикат" to be precise). I think if they used the actual term instead of Soviet, it would give the impression that the USSR was a nation of thugs and criminals and that the government was some kind of mob, considering the popularity of the term 'crime syndicate' in the West and elsewhere.
It wasn't exactly what they were shooting for either at home or abroad.