Gaines v. Canada, in 1938, was a United States Supreme Court decision holding that states that provided a school to white students had to provide in-state education to blacks as well. States could satisfy this requirement by allowing blacks and whites to attend the same school or creating a second school for blacks.

Ironically with recent events, The University of Missouri denied African American Lloyd Gaines. And they offered to pay for his education elsewhere, but he wanted to protect his fourteenth amendment.