The first New Deal in 1933 overhauled the financial system completely, with a multitude of laws which revived, restructured, and regulated the banks, the most notable reform being the Glass-Steagall Act. It also had a comprehensive recovery program under the National Industrial Recovery Act and the Agricultural Adjustments Act. These two laws were struck down by the Supreme Court.

The second New Deal in 1935 revived the labor provisions of the NIRA (but not the industrial provisions) through the Wagner Act, creating modern labor standards throughout the country. The Social Security Act was also passed, creating the Old Age, Survivors, and Disability insurance programs. In 1938 a new version of the AAA was passed.

A common thread of both were the public works programs. The two most famous were the CCC and WPA. Civilian Conservation Corps was founded in 1933, and the Works Progress Administration was founded in 1935. One way to contrast is to look at how the first New Deal focused on the banks, and had a comprehensive approach to reviving industry which did not succeed or even last for long. Social Security and the Wagner Act were the centerpieces of the second New Deal, so it had a lot more focus on labor.

Also by 1937, the Roosevelt administration actually sought to balance the budget, which he had been arguing for since his first presidential campaign (economists think this was a bad move). And by the late 1930s a "conservative coalition" of Republicans and Southern Democrats was trying to limit the federal budget and push back against the labor movement.