How was the Swiss military in the Napoleonic era?

by AllenY99

A bit vague, but basically, how well was the Swiss military doing about the turn of the 19th century; their characteristics, weaknesses, strengths? In the 14th-15th-16th century they were ridiculously good, I know, but since they fought less later on, it's harder to tell how good they were, or could have been.

Colonel-Gentleman

In 1798 French Republican Armies invaded Switzerland defeating the different armies of the Swiss Old Confederacy(Bernese, Zug, etc.). The Old Confereracy collapsed and the French created the Helvetic Republic. In 1802 the French left Switzerland there were popular revolts(Bourla-papey) and the Stecklikrieg Civil War causing the Helvetic Republic to collapse. Napoleon, then First Consul, acted as a mediator turned Switzerland into another Confederation which lasted until 1815.

Due to this, the Swiss didn't really have an army during the Napoleonic. They did raise units, most notably 4 Regiment d’Infanterie Suisse that were attached to the French army. Swiss Mercenaries served with a multitude of nations: England, France, Spain, Austria, Holland, Piedmont, Naples, Saxony, and the Papal State. As to Swiss fighting quality...

The Swiss, like all mountaineers, make capital soldiers when drilled; and, wherever they have served as regular troops under foreign banners, they have fought exceedingly well. But being rather slow-headed, they need drilling much more, indeed, than either French or North Germans, to give them confidence in themselves, and cohesion. It is possible that national feeling might possibly replace this in the case of a foreign attack upon Switzerland, but even this is very doubtful. An army of 80,000 regular troops, and less, would certainly be a match for all the 160,000 and more men which the Swiss say they can congregate. In 1798, the French finished the business with a few regiments.

-"Armies of Europe" Putnam Magazine 1855 (which has been digitized by Google)

In 1812, during the second battle of Polotsk, the 1st and 2d Swiss and the 3d Provisional Croat Regiment delivered a successful counterattack but drove too deeply and were swamped by the Russian reserves. The Croats broke, but the Swiss closed up like a red wall behind an incessant, perfectly controlled blaze of musketry, literally shooting their way clear. Amiel saw a foraging detachment of three hundred Swiss, attacked by far larger forces of Russian cavalry, retreat in good order across some 9 miles of open country without serious loss - and rescue a 30 man reconnaissance detail from Amiel's own 24th Chasseur a Cheval in the process.

-"Swords Around A Throne" John Elting