The Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s are potentially a good example. Serbs and Croats essentially speak the same language (with regional variations). That said, ethnic identity was, and continues to be closely tied to confessional allegiance: Croats are overwhelmingly Catholic, Serbs are overwhelmingly Orthodox. Although it would be a great oversimplification to say that the conflict was exclusively, or even predominately religious in nature, confessional identity played a key role in intensifying a process of "othering" through competing narratives of historical national foundation and preservation. These narratives also offered a historical justification for the removal of the confessional "other," as elaborated through acts of ethnic cleansing, along with the desecration and outright destruction of religiously significant sites.

Vjekoslav Perica, Balkan Idols: Religion and Nationalism in Yugoslav States, (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2002)