The Spartans famously ate black soup. This was essentially pork boiled in pig's blood, flavoured with nothing but salt and vinegar.

While the food was revolting, it was actually also quite luxurious. Meat was so expensive that most Greeks could not afford it. Most people only ate meat at major religious festivals, when the remains of the state-supplied sacrificial victims would be handed out to them. The black soup was another one of the ways (along with their red cloaks and hoplite equipment, their vast estates and their iron currency) in which the Spartans simultaneously hid and showed off their great wealth.

With the black soup, the Spartans would of course eat bread - the only staple of the Mediterranean world at the time. It seems likely that they would be eating wheat bread, which was more expensive than barley bread. In addition they would have figs, dates, olives, legumes, onions, cheese, and mixed wine. This was the standard diet of most Greeks, and presumably this is what the families of the Spartans would be eating while their husbands and fathers were busy trying to hold down black broth with their tent companions.