How did parliament gain so much power it could raise armies and declare war on the king? When the nobility held the majority of power how did parliament make them hand power to non nobles.

Edit: To clarify, I'm asking how exactly the lower nobility/non nobility managed to force the king to give them enough political to form parliament and eventually compete with the king when at the beginning all the power was held by the king and higher nobles. Surely the king and nobility wanted to retain power so how did parliament force the nobility to acknowledge them? To my knowledge a lot of times when kings or nobility have their power occur violently, I'm not sure how it happened peacefully in the UK.