It's not entirely clear that it did.

One common theory about the Holodomor is that it was engineered to undermine (and kill) Ukrainian nationalists who resisted collectivization. If you kill or discredit the nationalists who oppose collectivization, then it becomes easier to get the population to follow along.

It's also possible that the Holodomor was largely the result of really, really, really bad planning by the Soviets overall, with much of the consequence of the bad planning being shouldered by the Ukrainian people (basically, bad planning led to poor crop yields across the USSR, not just in Ukraine, but Ukraine suffered the worst).

It's been a few years since I did anything with the Holodomor, so there's probably someone out there who is more qualified than me to explain it further. If you're really interested in the topic, Timothy Snyder's Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin is a good read and is pretty well regarded.