We call it the American Revolution or the American War of Independence.

I can't find anything to suggest there was another name during Victorian times but this isn't really my era - just want to confirm, you know Victoria came to the throne ~70 years after the revolution?

Two of my books on the revolution that were written at the turn of the century refer to it as 'the American war' or 'the war with America'. I am not sure whether this was the common vernacular at the time or because they were written by British authors (and we are normally used to only hearing about the events from the US perspective)